MPlayer plays audio and video from the command line, including over a network stream, with no GUI required.
sudo dnf install mplayer # package availability varies by distro/repo (some ship mpv only)
mplayer video.mp4
mplayer -vo x11 video.mp4 # force a specific video output driver
mplayer -ao pulse video.mp4 # force a specific audio output
mplayer -fs video.mp4 # fullscreen
mplayer dvd://1 # play title 1 of a DVD
mplayer -identify -vo null -ao null -frames 0 video.mp4 # print codec/resolution/duration, don't play
Status: MPlayer's original development has slowed considerably. mpv, a fork with an actively maintained codebase, modern configuration, and a scriptable interface (Lua/JavaScript), is the practical recommendation for new use, and its command-line flags are similar in spirit. ffprobe (from ffmpeg) is generally a better tool than -identify for getting media metadata in a parseable form.